Respirology Case Reorts

Norbert Berend
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.980

Jacky Tu, Martin MacDonald, Darren Mansfield
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.954

To our knowledge, we describe the first case of a patient with a history of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and a chronic bronchocoele, who subsequently developed an infected bronchocoele, complicated by pulmonary actinomycosis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Streptococcus mitis empyema following tooth extraction and regular Lactobacillus probiotic use.

Esther Palones, Virginia Pajares, Laura López, Diego Castillo, Alfons Torrego
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.955

Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic granulomatous disease that develops in genetically predisposed individuals following their exposure to an environmental trigger. We present the case of a patient who was diagnosed with sarcoidosis following a SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Yasuhito Sekimoto, Yoshifumi Suzuki, Koichiro Kanamori, Isao Kobayashi, Hiroki Ienaga, Kazuhisa Takahashi
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.956

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been used for many years as an important treatment modality in patients with schizophrenia. A 16-year-old girl with schizophrenia was admitted to our hospital with hypoxaemia due to negative-pressure pulmonary oedema (NPPE) after her first ECT. NPPE is an exceedingly rare complication after ECT and this case illustrates the importance of recognizing this rare complication.

Akira Matsumoto, Toshihiko Soma, Tsuyoshi Shoji, Hiromichi Katakura
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.957

Tuberculosis is a disease that causes latent infection and is sometimes activated by a variety of factors. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a serious disease caused by spreading oropharyngeal infection. We present a case of mediastinal tuberculosis following mediastinal dissection and antibiotic therapy for DNM.

Yoshimitsu Hirai, Ryuta Iwamoto, Hideto Iguchi, Aya Fusamoto, Yumi Yata, Takuya Ohashi, Yoshiharu Nishimura
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.958

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a 15-cm soft tissue shadow in the posterior mediastinum at the Th6–10 level with a multinodular conglomerate appearance. The contrast showed many affected areas, exhibiting a gradually increasing pattern. There was no invasion into the adjacent vertebral body and the blood vessels penetrating the interior were intact (red arrow).

Qiliang Liu, William Good, Andrew Salmon, Nicholas Gow, Paul Griffiths
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.959

We report an unusual case of pulmonary mucormycosis complicated by a large hydropneumothorax. The patient was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B and posaconazole following adjunctive drainage without surgical intervention, which has been seldom reported in the literature.

Kazuki Hayashi, Jun Hanaoka, Yusuke Kita
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.960

Herein, we report the case of a patient who presented to the emergency room with a complaint of epigastric pain that improved with vomiting. It was initially treated as a gastrointestinal disorder but was essentially a ruptured bronchial aneurysm with mediastinal haematoma, for which emergency bronchial artery embolization was performed. Only 10 cases of bronchial aneurysms with mediastinal haematoma have been reported in the past; we discuss the characteristics of these cases and report them here.

Yuki Takigawa, Ken Sato, Ayumi Inoue, Momoka Nagae, Tomoyoshi Inoue, Kiriko Onishi, Sho Mitsumune, Hiromi Watanabe, Kenichiro Kudo, Akiko Sato, Keiichi Fujiwara, Takuo Shibayama
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.961

Vaping has become popular among young people and adolescents in Japan because it is easy to obtain and is legally ambiguous. We encountered a case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia caused by nicotine-free vaping and report our findings to highlight the safety concerns associated with vaping.

Nirali Sheth, Umaima Dhamrah, Branden Ireifej, David Song, Penpa Bhuti, Jagbir Singh, Henry Fan, Sibghatallah Ummar, Vikash Jaiswal, Nishan Babu Pokhrel
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.962

This case report describes the case of a 60-year-old Bengali female who presented with vague symptoms and was found to have chronic granulomatous inflammation with foci of calcifications involving the lungs, liver and spleen consistent with necrotizing sarcoidosis.

Dujrath Somboonviboon, Anan Wattanathum
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.963

Pulmonary pseudoaneurysms (PAPs) are an uncommon complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, although they are a potentially life-threatening condition. We present this interesting condition of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pneumonia. The patient presented with abnormal lung nodule and developed massive haemoptysis after recovering from Covid-19 pneumonia. PAP was diagnosed by computed tomography angiography. Endovascular embolization was performed and the bleeding was stopped.

Amirmasoud Taheri, Lotfollah Davoodi, Eissa Soleymani, Noushin Ahmadi
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.978

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease in which the neuromuscular junction is attacked by multiple autoantibodies. To date, few cases of post-COVID new onset ocular MG have been reported; here we present a generalized MG after COVID-19 infection.

Ranjan Sapkota, Aakriti Sharma, Priska Bastola
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.982

This is a report of an unusual tracheal foreign body residing in proximal trachea for 15 years, and successfully removed using bronchoscopic techniques.

Qianwen Zhang, Lingxiao Liang, Ailing Liu, Dandan Zhou, Aijun Li
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.953

Pulmonary co-infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJ) is uncommon. This case describes computed tomography findings of VZV pneumonia co-infected with PJ.

Reimi Mizushima, Ryota Kikuchi, Hiroyuki Takoi, Nao Shioiri, Kazutoshi Toriyama, Shinji Abe
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.976

The double-ring sign found in contrast-enhanced computed tomography, which reflects inflammatory changes in the adventitia and oedema of the intima, is thought to be characteristic of Takayasu arteritis; however, herein, it was also observed for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-induced vasculitis.

Masahiro Ohgiya, Yuka Sasaki, Akira Yamane, Sumie Nakamura, Hirotoshi Matsui
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.981

We present images of a patient with cerebral tuberculoma detected due to emerging neurological symptoms during treatment of miliary tuberculosis.