Respirology Case Reorts

Christopher K W Lai MBBS, DM, FRCP, FHKAM (Medicine), FHKCP, FAAAAI
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.926

Keiko Kan-o MD, PhD
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.926

Esperanza Figueroa-Hurtado, Diana Lizbeth Ortíz-Farias, Isabel Sada-Ovalle, Sandra Yareth Maldonado-Ortíz, Jorge Arturo Valdivieso-Jiménez, Arturo Cortes-Telles
DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.920

This is a case series study analysing humoral immune response and vaccination side effects after two doses of a BNT162b2 mRNA among healthcare workers in Mexico.

Asuka Uebayashi, Yusuke Takanashi, Mikako Oka, Kiyomichi Mizuno, Akikazu Kawase, Kazuhito Funai
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.914

The claw-type titanium plate has been successfully applied to manage a flail chest. However, rare and life-threatening organ injury occurs due to an insufficient claw bend. We report an ingenuity of surgical fixation using KANI® plates (USCI Japan, Tokyo, Japan) in a case of severe flail chest; we placed KANI® plates inside the chest wall to ensure sufficient claw bend and to cover crossed rib edges of rib fractures to prevent organ injuries.

Chin Tong Kwok, Kam Cheung Wong, Chun Lee Kwok, Sing Hang Lee, Kwok Sang Yee
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.916

We report a 74-year-old man with severe obstructive sleep apnoea who developed moderate central apnoea upon continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) initiation. Subsequent addition of acetazolamide led to gratifying resolution of the treatment-emergent central sleep apnoea (TECSA). In TECSA patients with significant symptoms and high central apnoea index, treatment with acetazolamide as adjunct to CPAP may be considered, particularly in patients in whom CPAP adherence is imperative.

Yoshitsugu Horio, Hiroyuki Tachibana, Junichi Shimizu, Waki Hosoda, Yutaka Fujiwara
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.919

This is the first reported case of intrathoracic extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, successfully treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy and concurrent chemotherapy.

Chie Morita, Atsushi Kitamura, Kohei Okafuji, Shosei Ro, Ryosuke Imai, Kasumi Shirasaki, Yu Watanabe, Naoki Nishimura
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.923

In this report, we describe, for the first time, two cases of pneumothorax refractory to chest drainage both before and after positive pressure ventilation in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 who were successfully treated with an endobronchial Watanabe spigot and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate.

Gaku Yamamoto, Kei Takamura, Yuriko Ishida, Yuma Sato, Ayuka Sinozaki, Hajime Kikuchi, Makoto Yamamoto, Hajime Kobayashi, Naoki Hirose, Keisuke Kikuchi
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.924

To our knowledge, we report here the first case of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma in which pulmonary involvement was detected using bronchoalveolar lavage.

Keishi Sugino, Hirotaka Ono, Mikako Saito, Seiji Igarashi, Atsuko Kurosaki, Eiyasu Tsuboi
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.925

We describe a case of immunoglobulin G4-positive interstitial pneumonia associated with pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis, confirmed by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Combination therapy with prednisolone and cyclosporine showed long-term efficacy and safety.

Kyoko Gocho, Kenya Sato, Noboru Iizuka, Kouichi Sunada, Shin Nishiya, Nobuyuki Hamanaka
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.928

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) frequently induces interstitial lung disease (ILD) more than other anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 therapies. Here, we report two cases of ILD induced by T-DXd. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such report in clinical practice, making it highly significant.

Ying-Ting Liao, Nai-Chi Chiu, Chun-Ku Chen, Kang-Cheng Su
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.929

We report a case who initially presented with acute respiratory failure and acute-on-chronic pancreatitis complicated by massive pancreatic pleural effusion, followed by insidious development of pancreatitis-related cardiac tamponade during the recovery period.

Atousa Hakamifard, Babak Gharedaghi, Payam Tabarsi, Shervin Shokouhi, Halimeh Negahban, Somayeh Sharifynia, Atosa Dorudinia
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.930

Herein, we describe an unusual case of delayed post-pneumonectomy empyema necessitans caused by Aspergillus flavus in a 65-year-old man with favourable clinical outcome by combined surgical and antifungal therapy.

So Hyun Lee, Jin A Seo, Ji Eun Park, Chang Ho Kim, Jaehee Lee
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.932

We present a case of new-onset pulmonary embolism, possibly associated with excessive creatine supplement intake.

Kohei Hashimoto, Takako Kawaguchi, Kei Yamasaki, Hiroaki Ikegami, Toshinori Kawanami, Kazuhiro Yatera
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.933

We report a patient with severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae mimicking severe coronavirus disease 2019, characterized by rapid-onset respiratory dysfunction and pulmonary embolism.

Akiko Tamura, Ryosuke Imai, Yutaka Tomishima, Naoki Nishimura
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.934

We experienced a fatal case of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, who died of progressive respiratory acidosis after 2 months of treatment with mechanical ventilation. The autopsy revealed diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) without any active signs of fungal or bacterial infections, suggesting prolonged and over-activated immune responses against COVID-19 infection. When COVID-19 patients develop acute respiratory distress syndrome, it is essential to remember that the infection can progress to DAD a few months after the disease onset.

Rei Matsuki, Satoru Ishii, Tomoyuki Suzuki, Haruhito Sugiyama
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.937

Malignant pleural mesothelioma is one of the most severe diseases with a poor prognosis. Pulmonologists often make diagnoses of pleural mesothelioma with a history of asbestos exposure. It mainly involves the pleura, but can arise in other places, such as the tunica vaginalis testis. Thus, a case of simultaneous diagnosis of tunica vaginalis testis mesothelioma and malignant pleural mesothelioma is reported.

Clara So, Shinyu Izumi, Akane Ishida, Ryo Hirakawa, Yusaku Kusaba, Masao Hashimoto, Satoru Ishii, Hideki Miyazaki, Motoyasu Iikura, Masayuki Hojo
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.938

The Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) is an effective and well-tolerated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. However, rare adverse events have been reported. We report two cases of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-related interstitial lung disease.

Chiao-Yun Tsai, Hsu-Chih Huang, Zhen-Dong Xu, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Chih-Yi Chen
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.939

Primary therapy of pulmonary Langerhans cells histiocytosis is smoking cessation. Early surgical intervention by minimal invasive thoracoscopic lung biopsy and pleurodesis can also be a choice if the development of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs.

Jin Lee Lim, Inn Shih Khor, Cheng Keat Moh, Yi Min Chan, Yoke Fong Lam, Kumaresh Raj Lachmanan
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.940

COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a recently recognized entity associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and known post-viral pneumonia complications. We present two cases with differing outcomes managed within the limitations of our institute and make reference to the recent consensus criteria. We hope to highlight the importance of considering empirical treatment in the correct clinical context while awaiting the results of microbiological workup as ascertaining the diagnosis of proven CAPA is challenging in the real-world setting.

Takashi Ookuma, Ryota Kikuchi, Hiroyuki Takoi, Kazutoshi Toriyama, Shinji Abe
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.922

We present the case of a patient with lung adenocarcinoma stage IVB diagnosed as orbital apex syndrome (OAS) associated with intraorbital metastasis of lung cancer. When patients with lung cancer have diplopia, ptosis or ocular motility disorder, identifying OAS is important.

Do Kyun Kang, Min Kyun Kang, Ji-Yeon Kim
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.931

Chest computed tomography scan demonstrated inflammatory lesion in and around the right sixth rib costochondral junction.