Respirology Case Reorts

Samantha Herath, Farzad Bashirzadeh, Hema Mahajan, Alvin Ing, David Fielding
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.935

Radial EBUS (R-EBUS)-guided biopsies are a promising biopsy technique for pulmonary nodules suspected of lung cancer with great safety profile. Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) testing is increasingly demanded from lung biopsies. GenCut is a novel blunt tool that can be used to obtain core biopsies. This case series explores prospective performance of the GenCut core biopsy with R-EBUS.

Marina Aiello, Annalisa Frizzelli, Laura Marchi, Ilaria Ferrarotti, Davide Piloni, Giovanna Pelà, Alessandro De Simoni, Lorenzo D'Aloisio, Luigino Calzetta, Alfredo Chetta
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.936

Here, we report a very rare PI*Q0parma variant identified for the first time in an Italian family originally from the city of Parma in Northern Italy.

Amirmasoud Taheri, Mahdi Fakhar, Maryam Nakhaei, Elham Sadat Banimostafavi, Farzad Masiha, Javad Ghaffari, Soroush Sheydai, Mohammad Sadegh Rezaei, Ali Sharifpour
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.943

Respiratory infections are one of the most common reasons for children being admitted to paediatric wards. Here, we present a case series in which all paediatric pulmonary lophomoniasis patients were diagnosed using the polymerase chain reaction approach, which was first described by Fakhar and colleagues

Sarbroop Dhillon, Prarthana Abeyweera, Christopher Kosky, Lisa Harrison, Ashvin Isaac, William Noffsinger, Elaine Pang, Merrilee Needham, Rick Stell, Bhajan Singh
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.915

Acute onset, atraumatic, bilateral diaphragm paralysis due to isolated bilateral phrenic neuropathy is uncommon. Respiratory physicians should be alert to this disorder because it is associated with considerable morbidity and diagnosis is often delayed. These case reports highlight important aspects of the presentation, investigations and management of this disorder.

Heidi Lynch, Frank Qian, Matthew D Wong, Rahul J Thomas, Nitin Kapur
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.941

This study reports the first case of extensive parenchymal lung calcification in a child with cystic fibrosis. The aetiology of lung calcification in this case is not attributable to metastatic lung calcification or tubercular mycobacterial infection.

Audrey K Grech, Dominic T Keating, Daniel J Garner, Matthew T Naughton
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.942

This case highlights vaping as a cause of recurrent and severe carboxyhaemoglobinemia to a degree much greater than is seen with cigarette smoking. Pulmonary hypertension and death were the eventual sequelae.

Tomohiro Yoshikawa, Katsuyoshi Tomomatsu, Eriko Okazaki, Tomoe Takeuchi, Yukihiro Horio, Yusuke Kondo, Tsuyoshi Oguma, Koichiro Asano
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.944

We report the first case of organizing pneumonia (OP) associated with a new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination. The second vaccination in the present case caused further worsening of the clinical manifestation. It is important to diagnose vaccine-associated OP/interstitial lung disease appropriately and avoid re-vaccination in those cases.

Apinya Palamit, Prakarn Tovichien, Ramida Amornsitthiwat
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.945

This case report described a unique case of tuberculosis-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in an HIV-negative child presenting with new onset of pleuritic chest pain after anti-TB treatment. Even though he had no risk factor except for pleural involvement, we emphasized that TB-IRIS should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses.

Yoshimitsu Hirai, Yurina Mikasa, Hideto Iguchi, Aya Fusamoto, Yumi Yata, Takuya Ohashi, Yoshiharu Nishimura
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.946

A relatively rare intrathoracic lipoma, which is clinically important to differentiate from liposarcoma, was diagnosed by minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery.

Ishith Seth, Shyam Prakaash Bhagavata Srinivasan, Gabriella Bulloch, Dong Seok Yi, Anthony Frankel, Kelvin Hsu, Freda Passam, Roger Garsia, Tamera J Corte
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.948

Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) is a rare complication of antiphospholipid syndrome. With a mortality rate of 46%, early diagnosis and management remain an ongoing challenge. We report a therapeutically challenging case of treatment-refractory DAH.

Paul Youn, Roslyn J Francis, Henry Preston, Fiona Lake
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.949

Cutaneous manifestations of sarcoidosis are common, but subcutaneous nodules are rare, originally described in 1904 by Darier and Roussy and thought to represent isolated skin disease. We report a patient who presented with subcutaneous nodules, where imaging demonstrated extensive activity in the skin, nodes and musculoskeletal system, but which responded rapidly to hydroxychloroquine. We review the literature regarding manifestations and prognosis of Darier–Roussy sarcoidosis which, like in our case, suggests simple treatment may be sufficient despite the extent of disease.

Yoshihiro Yamamoto, Kayo Ijichi, Ai Koike, Satoshi Nakamura, Yuriko Takahata, Yuki Okamatsu, Akitaka Fujita, Satoru Kawakami, Taishi Harada
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.951

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are novel anticancer drugs increasingly used in the lung cancer field, except carcinoid tumour. We report a patient in whom an atypical carcinoid tumour was well controlled with platinum-doublet chemotherapy and atezolizumab.

Jee Young You, James Stoller
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.952

Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage after a generalized tonic–clonic seizure is a rarely described illness likely involving physical disruption of alveolar–capillary interface similar to the mechanism of neurogenic pulmonary oedema. This case report highlights the key aspects of clinical presentation of our two patients, radiological and pathological findings, clinical course and management implications with the goal of enhancing awareness of this condition by respiratory clinicians.

Hwa-Yen Chiu, Tsui-Fen Hsu
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.947

We describe a patient who received tracheostomy but complicated with tracheoesophageal fistula, where the nasogastric tube was visible from the fistula under bronchoscopy. Tracheostomy tube was then replaced with an endotracheal tube to bypass the fistula.

Chien-Hong Chou, Hong-Jen Hsieh
DOI: 10.1002/rcr.950

We present a rare case of haemothorax complication post thoracentesis. Contrast computed tomography was used to locate the bleeding site, and transarterial embolization was performed to stop intercostal artery bleeding.