| Case Series |
Asthma and pulmonary tuberculosis: misdiagnosis or coexistence
Lam Nguyen-Ho, Au Nguyen-Tiet, Yoon-Seok Chang
DOI: 10.1002/rcr797
Endobronchial tuberculosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of asthma. Although rare, physicians should be aware that pulmonary tuberculosis can also be developed during the treatment course of asthma. |
Docetaxel-induced interstitial lung disease among patients with breast cancer: a case series and review of literature
Sanjeewa Malinda Hettiarachchi, Dilanka Thilakaratne, Dawpadee Dharmasena, Amila Rathnapala, Prasad Abeysinghe, Eshanth Perera
DOI: 10.1002/rcr802
We describe seven patients with breast cancer presented within a short period of time to our unit, with similar exposures to taxane/docetaxel, similar clinical features, similar imaging characteristics, and almost similar management outcomes. |
| Case Reports |
Sarcoidosis and neuroendocrine tumours: case report and literature review
Muhanad Taha, Lobelia Samavati
DOI: 10.1002/rcr784
In the current report, we describe a rare case diagnosed histologically with sarcoidosis and neuroendocrine tumour. We also describe 23 similar cases previously reported in the literature. We discuss the clinical presentations of the cases and possible hypothesis explaining the association between the two diseases. Although co-existence of these two diseases is extremely rare, understanding the common clinical presentations and the relationship between the two diseases is important as the diagnosis can easily be missed. |
Successful endobronchial occlusion in empyema with broncho-pleural fistula secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia: a case report and literature review
Takahito Nakano, Masahiro Kawada, Kensuke Minami, Hiroyuki Kaneda
DOI: 10.1002/rcr785
Empyema with broncho-pleural fistula secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia was successfully treated with tube drainage and endobronchial occlusion. |
Pulmonary AL amyloidosis and multiple myeloma presenting as cough with diffuse pulmonary opacities
Alan Xu, Emily Lawton, Steven Smith, Akash Kalro, James Geake
DOI: 10.1002/rcr786
Interstitial pulmonary amyloidosis is very rare. A 68-year-old man presented with dyspnoea and cough, which demonstrated pulmonary amyloidosis after extensive investigation. Follow-up bone marrow biopsy confirmed multiple myeloma. |
Pleural effusion secondary to chronic pancreatitis in childhood
Adeline Y L Lim, Leanne M Gauld
DOI: 10.1002/rcr788
We describe two differing presentations of pleural effusions resulting from chronic pancreatitis with successful resolution of the pleural effusion in children. These cases highlight the need for consideration of this rare paediatric diagnosis. |
Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis: An uncommon disease but not to be forgotten—a single centre experience
Pradeep Balakrishnan, Matthew Ing, Zaid Househ, Ajantha Raguparan
DOI: 10.1002/rcr789
Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis (PLG) is a rare multisystem Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferative disorder. Exact incidence is unknown and, with its variable clinical presentation, making an accurate diagnosis of PLG can be difficult. We present two distinct cases at our tertiary centre that underline PLG's non-specific clinical presentations. |
Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica—stalactite of airways
Suat Yee Lim, Mohd Faizul Abu Samah, Lalitha Pereirasamy, Bee See Chew, Irfhan Ali Hyder Ali
DOI: 10.1002/rcr790
Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare benign disorder affecting the trachea and main bronchi characterized by the development of submucosal cartilaginous and bony nodules. We report a case of TO in a patient presented with prolonged cough and recurrent respiratory tract infection. |
Pneumopericardium secondary to oesophageal cancer presenting as myocardial infarction: a case report
Yu-Shan Shih, Pei-Hsing Chen, Hsao-Hsun Hsu, Yu-Ding Tseng
DOI: 10.1002/rcr791
For shock patients with oesophageal cancer, pneumopericardium should be considered when an electrocardiogram shows ST elevation. |
Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as thoracic lymphadenopathy
Calvin Sidhu, Lokesh Yagnik
DOI: 10.1002/rcr792
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis to predominantly thoracic lymph nodes is uncommon. Here, we report two cases of metastatic HCC recurrence causing large thoracic lymphadenopathy, diagnosed adequately and safely by linear endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) transbronchial needle aspiration. |
Delayed hypercoagulable state in COVID-19 adolescent patient: a case report
Desdiani Desdiani, Nita Yulianti, Anindita Basuki
DOI: 10.1002/rcr793
We report a case of an adolescent patient with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who was already in recovery state, but suddenly experienced hypercoagulable state and stroke-like symptoms. |
Precautionary strategy for high-risk airway bleeding cases during robotic-assisted bronchoscopy
Sebastian Fernandez-Bussy, David Abia-Trujillo, Neal M Patel, Jorge M Pascual, Adnan Majid, Erik E Folch, Janani S Reisenauer
DOI: 10.1002/rcr794
We present a precautionary strategy for high-risk bleeding cases during robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (RAB) utilizing thromboelastography and parallel flexible bronchoscopy with segmental balloon occlusion may be an appropriate technique to minimize bleeding risk. |
Fatal pulmonary thromboembolism caused by idiopathic ovarian vein thrombosis
Masanori Ogiwara, Masahiko Ozaki, Yoshifumi Nishino, Takuya Miyahara
DOI: 10.1002/rcr795
We report the case of a 67-year-old woman who presented with fatal pulmonary thromboembolism due to ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) during hospitalization for cerebral infarction. The left ovarium of the postmenopausal elderly patient showed no tumorous appearance. This case of OVT is extremely rare because of its idiopathic nature and fatal result. |
Enteral lorlatinib after alectinib as a treatment option in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small cell lung cancer with triple problems: carcinomatous meningitis, poor performance status, and dysphagia - a case report
Kota Sasaki, Yusuke Yokota, Toshihito Isojima, Mayumi Fujii, Kengo Hasui, Yu Chen, Kensuke Saito, Takenori Takahata, Seiko Kindaichi, Atsushi Sato
DOI: 10.1002/rcr796
Here, we report a case where the following were highlighted: (1) lorlatinib may be helpful in consciousness disorders due to central nervous system (CNS) metastases and carcinomatous meningitis; and (2) enteral administration could be considered for patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), for whom oral drug administration is not possible. We successfully treated a patient with ALK-positive NSCLC with triple problems—carcinomatous meningitis, poor performance status (PS), and dysphagia—using a simple suspension method for lorlatinib administration via a nasogastric tube. The patient survived for 16 months after CNS relapse. |
No need to hesitate: immune-related neutropenia and thrombocytopenia that improved by corticosteroids
Osamu Kanai, Koichi Nakatani, Kohei Fujita, Misato Okamura, Tadashi Mio
DOI: 10.1002/rcr799
Corticosteroids are usually used for treating immune-related adverse events (irAEs); however, given the risk of infection, there are concerns regarding the use of corticosteroids as a systemic immunosuppressant for haematological toxicity, especially for severe neutropenia. In the present case, we investigated the cause of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia using blood and serum immunological tests and bone marrow biopsy, revealing that haemocytopenia was due to autoimmune destruction of mature peripheral blood cells. Corticosteroids can be used for the treatment of autoimmune neutropenia when the possibility of refractory bone marrow dysplasia can be ruled out. |
Dyspnoea with progressive “idiopathic” pulmonary fibrosis
Chahat Puri, Vignesh Harish, Kyunghoon Rhee, Donald F. Slack
DOI: 10.1002/rcr800
Short telomeres have been associated with familial pulmonary fibrosis. Genetic testing is essential to determine therapeutic options and perform appropriate screening, |
Fatal cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a critically ill patient with COVID-19
Saori Amiya, Haruhiko Hirata, Takayuki Shiroyama, Yuichi Adachi, Takayuki Niitsu, Yoshimi Noda, Takatoshi Enomoto, Reina Hara, Kiyoharu Fukushima, Yasuhiko Suga, Kotaro Miyake, Moe Koide, Akinori Uchiyama, Yoshito Takeda, Atsushi Kumanogoh
DOI: 10.1002/rcr801
Here, we present the needle autopsy findings of a critically ill patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who required reintubation and prolonged mechanical ventilation, and eventually died of secondary cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia. This case highlights the potential risk of long-term steroid use and the need for routine monitoring for CMV in critically ill patients with COVID-19. |
| Clinical Images |
Endotracheal granulation after tracheostomy in acute respiratory distress syndrome from COVID-19
Haruko Matsumoto, Shigeo Hanada, Kazumasa Yamamoto, Hisashi Takaya
DOI: 10.1002/rcr787
Tracheostomy requires an incision between the cricoid cartilage and sternal notch in critically ill patients who require an extended period of mechanical ventilation. This procedure can potentially increase the availability of intensive care unit beds in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Granulation tissue formation can cause stomal stenosis secondary to chondritis because of the disproportionate excision of the anterior cartilage. Here, computed tomography (CT) imaging showed partial destruction of the cricoid cartilage, which is suggestive of chondritis and may lead to airway stenosis. |
Airway recanalization of bronchial metastasis and obstruction by smooth muscle tumour of uncertain malignant potential by a silicone OKI-stent™
Atsushi Torii, Hideo Saka, Rieko Nishimura, Yushi Saito, Masahide Oki
DOI: 10.1002/rcr798
Smooth muscle tumours of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) are rare and there is no standard treatment. We present a patient diagnosed with pulmonary metastasis of STUMP who did not respond to treatment. Airway stenting was performed to manage airway patency and improve respiratory symptoms. |
