| Case Reports |
Pneumothorax in neuromuscular disease associated with lung volume recruitment and mechanical insufflation-exsufflation
Luke Andrew McDonald, David John Berlowitz, Mark Erskine Howard, Linda Rautela, Caroline Chao, Nicole Sheers DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.447
A 25-year-old male with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and a 73-year-old male with motor neurone disease both presented with chest pain and increasing dyspnoea following routine mechanical insufflation-exsufflation or lung volume recruitment, on a background of long-term non-invasive ventilation. In each case, chest radiograph revealed a pneumothorax which resolved with intercostal catheter insertion and cessation of routine lung volume recruitment. This rare but serious complication highlights the need for careful risk/benefit analysis by clinicians prescribing these therapies. |
Pulmonary endometriosis: a rare cause of hydropneumothorax
Husam Alzayer DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.432
Pulmonary involvement in endometriosis is well described in the literature but asymptomatic significant hydropneumothorax is considered an unusual presentation. We present a rare case of catamenial hydropneumothorax confirmed through a pleural biopsy. |
Multiple primary lung adenocarcinomas pre-operatively diagnosed by discordant epidermal growth factor receptor mutations
Yuki Katayama, Sayaka Kawai, Aya Miyagawa-Hayashino, Yoshizumi Takemura DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.434
We describe a case of simultaneous multiple bilateral lung adenocarcinomas diagnosed by discordant epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in transbronchial lung biopsy specimens that led to a successful radical surgery. |
Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea and aspiration pneumonitis following initiation of continuous positive airway pressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea
Sanjiwika Lalanjani Wasgewatta, Nathan Manning, Michael Redmond, Diane Howard, Subash Shanthakumar Heraganahally DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.435
We describe a 53-year-old woman with severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and intracranial hypertension who developed spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea and CSF aspiration pneumonitis as a complication following initiation of CPAP therapy for OSA management. |
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with upper-lobe predominance in a non-smoking female
Hong-Ping Er, Chung-Ta Lee, Tang-Hsiu Huang DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.445
We describe a rare manifestation of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) with an unusual upper-lobe predominance in a 43-year-old non-smoking female patient. |
Recurrent lung nodules as a presentation of ventricular septal defect-related endocarditis
Adam Trytell, Jonathan Darby, Matthew Conron, Andrew Newcomb, Andrew Burns DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.446
This case report describes a patient with a known ventricular septal defect presenting with recurrent fevers associated with migratory lung nodules following a "low-risk" dental procedure without antibiotic prophylaxis. The unusual presentation delayed the diagnosis of the migratory lung lesions as septic pulmonary emboli and consequentially the diagnosis of ventricular septal defect related infective endocarditis. This case questions the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in "high-risk" patients undergoing dental procedures. |
Nasal mask average volume-assured pressure support in an infant with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome
Vishal Saddi, Arthur Teng, Ganesh Thambipillay, Hugh Allen, Sonia Pithers, Colin Sullivan DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.448
We present the case of a 10-month-old female infant with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome who was initiated exclusively on non-invasive ventilation using conventional nasal mask BPAP with average volume assured pressure support (AVAPS) and provide polysomnographic evidence of improved gas exchange on the AVAPS feature. |
| Clinical Images |
Multiple fungus balls in a patient with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
Keitaro Nakamoto, Yuka Sasaki, Takashi Uchiyama, Ken Ohta DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.433
We present an atypical but very educational case of a 76 year-old man with interstitial lung disease diagnosed with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis who presented with multiple fungus balls in the right lower lobe. |
