Respirology

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January 2015
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EDITOR'S CHOICE
1The Editor recommends this issue's articles to the reader
See articles, page 66 and page 101
EDITORIALS
2Celebrating 20 years of Respirology
Peter Eastwood & Lieve Bultynck
5Determining the cause of pulmonary granulomas: A multidimensional process
Marc A Judson
See article, page 115
7Harmful effects of particulate air pollution: Identifying the culprits
Matthew Loxham
See article, page 73
9'To measure is to know' (Lord Kelvin)
Chris Ward & Lena Uller
See article, page 66
SERIES EDITORIALS
Update in Interventional Pulmonology
11Interventional pulmonology: The tipping point
Fabien Maldonado, Eric S Edell, Patrick J Barron & Rex C Yung
Challenges in Drug Development for Chronic Lung Diseases
13Drug development for chronic lung disease - Mission impossible?
Kjetil Ask & Martin R J Kolb
INVITED REVIEW SERIES
Challenges in Drug Development for Chronic Lung Diseases
15Is there still hope for single therapies: How do we set up experimental systems to efficiently test combination therapies?
Guy F Joos & Esteban C Gabazza
Respiratory Disease: Using Lung Function Measurements to Greater Advantage
24Lung function abnormalities in HIV-infected adults and children
Gregory L Calligaro & Diane M Gray
33Putting lung function and physiology into perspective: cystic fibrosis in adults
Alex Horsley & Salman Siddiqui
REVIEWS
46Exercise training combined with psychological interventions for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Louise Wiles, Paul Cafarella & Marie T Williams
56Clinical use of microRNAs as potential non-invasive biomarkers for detecting non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis
Huoqiang Wang, Songnian Wu, Long Zhao, Juan Zhao, Jinjun Liu & Zhihao Wang
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Asthma and Allergy
66
Distribution of airway smooth muscle remodelling in asthma: Relation to airway inflammation
John G Elliot, Robyn L Jones, Michael J Abramson, Francis H Green, Thais Mauad, Karen O McKay, Tony R Bai & Alan L James
See Editorial, page 9
In a large number of asthma cases, we have shown that airway smooth muscle remodelling varies between individuals, and is associated with eosinophilic but not neutrophilic inflammation but is uncommonly confined solely to the small airways
73Differential injurious effects of ambient and traffic-derived particulate matter on airway epithelial cells
Rakesh K Kumar, Alexander M Shadie, Martin P Bucknall, Helen Rutlidge, Linda Garthwaite, Cristan Herbert, Brendan Halliburton, Kristy S Parsons & Peter A B Wark
See Editorial, page 7
The in vitro effects of ambient and traffic-derived particulate matter on airway epithelial cells were compared Ambient particulates, especially coarse particles of 2.5-10μm, induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by epithelial cells, whereas traffic-derived particulates did not The injurious effect of particulate matter may be related to its iron content
Bronchiectasis
80Nontuberculous mycobacteria in diffuse panbronchiolitis
Takahiro Tsuji, Eisaku Tanaka, Ikkoh Yasuda, Yoshinari Nakatsuka, Yusuke Kaji, Takehiro Yasuda, Seishu Hashimoto, Moon Hee Hwang, Takashi Hajiro & Yoshio Taguchi
Defects in the mucociliary transport system are assumed to be a predisposing factor to nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection We retrospectively investigated the prevalence of NTM associated with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), which is characterized by mucociliary dysfunction We detected a high prevalence comparable to rates in cystic fibrosis
COPD
87Effect of increasing respiratory rate on airway resistance and reactance in COPD patients
Misa Nakagawa, Noboru Hattori, Yoshinori Haruta, Aya Sugiyama, Hiroshi Iwamoto, Nobuhisa Ishikawa, Kazunori Fujitaka, Hiroshi Murai, Junko Tanaka & Nobuoki Kohno
Airway resistance and reactance were measured with an impulse oscillation system during metronome-paced tachypnoea in COPD patients and healthy controls In COPD patients, tachypnoea resulted in more negative expiratory X5 values In addition, these decreased expiratory X5 values induced by tachypnoea were correlated with the severity of dyspnoea in COPD
95Increased CD8 T-cell granzyme B in COPD is suppressed by treatment with low-dose azithromycin
Sandra Hodge, Greg Hodge, Mark Holmes, Hubertus Jersmann & Paul N Reynolds
In COPD patients, low-dose azithromycin, unlike corticosteroids or n-acetyl cysteine, reduced production of the cytotoxic mediator granzyme B by CD8 T cells from both airway and intra-epithelial compartments This provides further evidence for the application of azithromycin for controlling epithelial cell apoptosis, abnormal airway repair and chronic inflammation in COPD
101
Gastro-esophageal reflux disease and exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Truls S Ingebrigtsen, Jacob L Marott, Jørgen Vestbo, Børge G Nordestgaard, Jesper Hallas & Peter Lange
We tested the hypothesis that gastro-esophageal reflux disease is associated with COPD exacerbations Our study supports this hypothesis and provides the first prospective analysis showing that this association applies only among those individuals not using acid inhibitory treatment regularly
108Menthol cigarette smoking in the COPDGene cohort: Relationship with COPD, comorbidities and CT metrics
Seoung Ju Park, Marilyn G Foreman, Dawn L Demeo, Surya P Bhatt, Nadia N Hansel, Robert A Wise, Xavier Soler & Russell P Bowler
Little information exists on the effects of menthol cigarette smoking on clinical and radiological characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Our results confirm that menthol cigarettes are not safer than traditional cigarettes and suggest that menthol cigarette smokers may have more frequent severe exacerbations than non-menthol cigarette smokers
Interstitial Lung Disease
115Incidence and aetiologies of pulmonary granulomatous inflammation: A decade of experience
Alia Nazarullah, Robert Nilson, Diego Jose Maselli & Jaishree Jagirdar
See Editorial, page 5
The incidence and atiologies of GLD were evaluated over a 10-year period, providing further epidemiological data on a disease caused by multiple pathologies and with a certain aetiology often undetermined Infectious aetiologies (atypical mycobacteria, coccidiodes) were more common and presented with necrosis The most common non-infectious cause was sarcoidosis
122Telomerase gene mutations and telomere length shortening in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a Chinese population
Jinghong Dai, Hourong Cai, Yi Zhuang, Yongzheng Wu, Haiyan Min, Jinheng Li, Yi Shi, Qian Gao & Long Yi
Six novel mutations in the telomerase genes with shorter telomeres were identified for the first time in sporadic idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in a Chinese Han population Shorter telomeres and mild thrombocytopaenia could be clues to association with telomerase gene mutation and sporadic IPF
Lung Cancer
129Comparison of objective criteria and expert visual interpretation to classify benign and malignant hilar and mediastinal nodes on 18-F FDG PET/CT
Phan Nguyen, Manoj Bhatt, Farzad Bashirzadeh, Justin Hundloe, Robert Ware, David Fielding & Aravind S Ravi Kumar
FDG PET/CT is widely used for lung cancer mediastinal staging Objective criteria for FDG PET/CT scan analysis have various published thresholds that are not well validated We derived and validated objective criteria from patients at our institution and compared their performance with EVI EBUS results were used as gold standard
Pleural Disease
138Comparison of PNA clamping and direct sequencing for detecting KRAS mutations in matched tumour tissue, cell block, pleural effusion and serum from patients with malignant pleural effusion
Ji Young Kang, Chan Kwon Park, Chang Dong Yeo, Hea Yeon Lee, Chin Kook Rhee, Seung Joon Kim, Seok Chan Kim, Young Kyoon Kim, Mi Sun Park & Hyeon Woo Yim
The diagnostic performance of PNA clamping for KRAS mutation was evaluated in samples of matched tumour tissue, cell block, pleural effusion and serum in patients with malignant effusion PNA clamping had a good concordance with conventional direct sequencing for the detection of KRAS mutation, in particular from pleural effusion
147Diagnostic role of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and effector molecules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in tuberculous pleural effusion
Chin-Chung Shu, Jann-Yuan Wang, Chia-Lin Hsu, Li-Ta Keng, Kochung Tsui, Jeng-Feng Lin, Hsin-Chih Lai, Chong-Jen Yu, Li-Na Lee & Kwen-Tay Luh
Early diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion remains difficult Measuring pleural interferon-γ, adenosine deaminase, decoy receptor 3 and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor-1 together can improve the low sensitivity of assaying either interferon-γ or adenosine deaminase alone, and may avoid pleural biopsy which is in some patients a high-risk procedure
Pulmonary Vascular Disease
155Clinical characteristics of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in Koreans
Hyun-Jung Kim, Jae-Seung Lee, Yeon-Mok Oh, Tae-Sun Shim, Chae-Man Lim, Youn-Suck Koh, Woo-Sung Kim & Sang-Do Lee
This study represents the first survey of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) in Koreans The results show that PAVMs were less associated with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia in the Korean population than in Western populations and that treatment of PAVMs with small-diameter feeding vessels should be considered to prevent cerebral complications
Rare Lung Disease
160Clinical features of 280 hospitalized patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis in Japan
Wakae Hasegawa, Yasuhiro Yamauchi, Hideo Yasunaga, Mitsuhiro Sunohara, Taisuke Jo, Hiroki Matsui, Kiyohide Fushimi, Kazutaka Takami & Takahide Nagase
Our study revealed the clinical features, comorbidities and causes of death in hospitalized patients with LAM Patients with LAM after transplantation had higher activities of daily living scores than those before transplantation, which suggests that lung transplantation could improve the activities of daily life
SCIENTIFIC LETTER
166Cough during therapeutic thoracentesis: Friend or foe?
Monika Zielinska-Krawczyk, Marcin Michnikowski, Elzbieta M Grabczak, Krzysztof J Palko, Piotr Korczynski, Tomasz Golczewski & Rafal Krenke
CORRESPONDENCES
169Management of malignant pleural effusion
Graham Simpson & Daniel J Judge
170Reply
Helen E Davies, Rajesh Thomas, Roslyn Francis & Y C Gary Lee
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
172Acknowledgements

Index

2024 AprVol. 29 Issue 4
2024 MarVol. 29 Issue 3
2023 MarVol. 29 Supplement 1
ANZSRS/TSANZ Annual Scientific Meeting 2024
2024 FebVol. 29 Issue 2
2024 JanVol. 29 Issue 1
2023 DecVol. 28 Issue 12
2023 NovVol. 28 Issue 11
2023 NovVol. 28 Supplement 4
APSR 2023 Congress Abstracts
2023 OctVol. 28 Issue 10
2023 SepVol. 28 Issue 9
2023 AugVol. 28 Issue 8
2023 JulVol. 28 Issue 7
2023 JunVol. 28 Issue 6
2023 MayVol. 28 Issue 5
2023 AprVol. 28 Issue 4
2023 MarVol. 28 Issue 3
2023 MarVol. 28 Supplement 3
Australian Lung Cancer Conference 2023
2023 MarVol. 28 Supplement 2
ANZSRS/TSANZ Annual Scientific Meeting 2023
2023 FebVol. 28 Issue 2
2023 FebVol. 28 Supplement 1
APSR 2022 Congress Abstracts
2023 JanVol. 28 Issue 1
2022 DecVol. 27 Issue 12
2022 NovVol. 27 Issue 11
2022 OctVol. 27 Issue 10
2022 SepWorld Lung Day 2022
2022 SepVol. 27 Issue 9
2022 AugVol. 27 Issue 8
2022 JulVol. 27 Issue 7
2022 JunVol. 27 Issue 6
Special Issue: Occupational Lung Health
2022 MayVol. 27 Issue 5
2022 AprVol. 27 Issue 4
2022 MarVol. 27 Issue 3
2022 MarVol. 27 Issue s1
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2022 FebVol. 27 Issue 2
2022 JanVol. 27 Issue 1
2021 DecVol. 26 Issue 12
2021 NovVol. 26 Issue 11
2021 NovVol. 26 Supplement 3
APSR Congress Abstracts
2021 OctVol. 26 Issue 10
2021 SepVol. 26 Issue 9
2021 AugVol. 26 Issue 8
2021 JulVol. 26 Issue 7
2021 JunVol. 26 Issue 6
2021 MayVol. 26 Issue 5
2021 AprVol. 26 Issue 4
2021 AprVol. 26 Issue s2
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2021 MarVol. 26 Issue 3
2021 FebVol. 26 Issue 2
2021 JanVol. 26 Issue s1
Supplement: APSR Assembly Virtual Meetings
2021 JanVol. 26 Issue 1
2020 DecVol. 25 Issue 12
2020 NovVol. 25 Issue 11
2020 NovVol. 25 Issue s2
Essential update in lung cancer medicine
2020 OctVol. 25 Issue 10
2020 SepVol. 25 Issue 9
Special issue: Interventional Pulmonoogy pearls
2020 AugVol. 25 Issue 8
2020 JulVol. 25 Issue 7
2020 JunVol. 25 Issue 6
2020 JunVol. 25 Supplement 1
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2020 MayVol. 25 Issue 5
2020 AprVol. 25 Issue 4
2020 MarVol. 25 Issue 3
2020 FebVol. 25 Issue 2
2020 JanVol. 25 Issue 1
2019 DecVol. 24 Issue 12
2019 NovVol. 24 Issue 11
2019 NovVol. 24 Supplement 2
APSR Congress Abstracts
2019 OctVol. 24 Issue 10
2019 SepVol. 24 Issue 9
2019 AugVol. 24 Issue 8
2019 JulVol. 24 Issue 7
2019 JunVol. 24 Issue 6
2019 MayVol. 24 Issue 5
2019 AprVol. 24 Issue 4
2019 MarVol. 24 Issue 3
2019 MarVol. 24 Supplement 1
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2019 FebVol. 24 Issue 2
2019 JanVol. 24 Issue 1
2018 DecVol. 23 Issue 12
2018 NovVol. 23 Supplement 2
APSR Congress Abstracts
2018 NovVol. 23 Issue 11
2018 OctVol. 23 Issue 10
2018 SepVol. 23 Issue 9
2018 AugVol. 23 Issue 8
2018 JulVol. 23 Issue 7
2018 JunVol. 23 Issue 6
2018 MayVol. 23 Issue 5
2018 AprVol. 23 Issue 4
2018 MarVol. 23 Supplement 1
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2018 MarVol. 23 Issue 3
2018 FebVol. 23 Issue 2
2018 JanVol. 23 Issue 1
2017 NovVol. 22 Supplement 3
APSR Congress Abstracts
2017 NovVol. 22 Issue 8
2017 OctVol. 22 Issue 7
2017 AugVol. 22 Issue 6
2017 JulyVol. 22 Issue 5
2017 MayVol. 22 Issue 4
2017 AprVol. 22 Issue 3
2017 MarVol. 22 Supplement 2
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2017 MarVol. 22 Supplement 1
Airway Vista abstracts
2017 FebVol. 22 Issue 2
2017 JanVol. 22 Issue 1
2016 NovVol. 21 Supplement 3
APSR Congress Abstracts
2016 NovVol. 21 Issue 8
2016 OctVol. 21 Issue 7
2016 AugVol. 21 Issue 6
2016 JulVol. 21 Issue 5
2016 MayVol. 21 Issue 4
2016 AprVol. 21 Supplement 2
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2016 AprVol. 21 Issue 3
2016 MarVol. 21 Supplement 1
Airway Vista abstracts
2016 FebVol. 21 Issue 2
2016 JanVol. 21 Issue 1
2015 DecVol. 20 Supplement 3
APSR Congress Abstracts
2015 NovVol. 20 Issue 8
2015 OctVol. 20 Issue 7
2015 AugVol. 20 Issue 6
2015 JulVol. 20 Issue 5
2015 MayVol. 20 Issue 4
2015 AprVol. 20 Issue 3
2015 MarVol. 20 Supplement 2
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2015 MarVol. 20 Supplement 1
Airway Vista abstracts
2015 FebVol. 20 Issue 2
2015 JanVol. 20 Issue 1
2014 NovVol. 19 Issue 8
2014 NovVol. 19 Supplement 3
APSR Congress Abstracts
2014 OctVol. 19 Issue 7
2014 AugVol. 19 Issue 6
2014 JulVol. 19 Issue 5
2014 MayVol. 19 Issue 4
2014 AprVol. 19 Issue 3
2014 AprVol. 19 Supplement 2
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2014 MarVol. 19 Supplement 1
Airway Inflammation
2014 FebVol. 19 Issue 2
2014 JanVol. 19 Issue 1
2013 NovVol. 18 Issue 8
2013 OctVol. 18 Supplement 4
APSR Congress Abstracts
2013 NovVol. 18 Supplement 3
Airway Inflammation
2013 OctVol. 18 Issue 7
2013 AugVol. 18 Issue 6
2013 JulVol. 18 Issue 5
2013 MayVol. 18 Issue 4
2013 AprVol. 18 Issue 3
2013 AprVol. 18 Supplement 2
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2013 AprVol. 18 Supplement 1
Airway Vista abstracts
2013 FebVol. 18 Issue 2
2013 JanVol. 18 Issue 1
2012 DecVol. 17 Supplement 2
APSR Congress Abstracts
2012 NovVol. 17 Issue 8
2012 OctVol. 17 Issue 7
2012 AugVol. 17 Issue 6
2012 JulVol. 17 Issue 5
2012 MayVol. 17 Issue 4
2012 AprVol. 17 Issue 3
2012 AprVol. 17 Supplement 1
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2012 FebVol. 17 Issue 2
2012 JanVol. 17 Issue 1
2011 NovVol. 16 Issue 8
2011 NovVol. 16 Supplement 2
APSR Congress Abstracts
2011 OctVol. 16 Issue 7
2011 AugVol. 16 Issue 6
2011 JulVol. 16 Issue 5
2011 MayVol. 16 Issue 4
2011 AprVol. 16 Issue 3
2011 AprVol. 16 Supplement 1
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2011 FebVol. 16 Issue 2
2011 JanVol. 16 Issue 1
2010 NovVol. 15 Supplement 2
APSR Congress Abstracts
2010 NovVol. 15 Issue 8
2010 OctVol. 15 Issue 7
2010 AugVol. 15 Issue 6
2010 JulVol. 15 Issue 5
2010 MayVol. 15 Issue 4
2010 AprVol. 15 Issue 3
2010 MarVol. 15 Supplement 1
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2010 FebVol. 15 Issue 2
2010 JanVol. 15 Issue 1
2009 NovVol. 14 Issue 8
2009 NovVol. 14 Supplement 3
APSR Congress Abstracts
2009 OctVol. 14 Supplement 2
Guidelines: Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
2009 SepVol. 14 Issue 7
2009 Vol. 14 Issue 6
2009 JulVol. 14 Issue 5
2009 MayVol. 14 Issue 4
2009 AprVol. 14 Issue 3
2009 AprVol. 14 Supplement 1
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2009 MarVol. 14 Issue 2
2009 JanVol. 14 Issue 1
2008 NovVol. 13 Issue 7
2008 NovVol. 13 Supplement 5
APSR Congress Abstracts
2008 NovVol. 13 Supplement 4
Lung Disease
2008 SepVol. 13 Issue 6
2008 SepVol. 13 Supplement 3
ESAP: TB
2008 JulVol. 13 Issue 5
2008 JunVol. 13 Issue 4
2008 MayVol. 13 Issue 3
2008 AprVol. 13 Supplement 2
ANZSRS and TSANZ Abstracts
2008 MarVol. 13 Supplement 1
ESAP Abstracts
2008 MarVol. 13 Issue 2
2008 JanVol. 13 Issue 1
2007 NovVol. 12 Supplement 4
APSR Congress Abstracts
2007 NovVol. 12 Supplement 3
Asthma
2007 NovVol. 12 Issue 6
2007 SepVol. 12 Issue 5
2007 JulVol. 12 Issue 4
2007 MayVol. 12 Supplement 2
ESAP Abstracts
2007 MayVol. 12 Issue 3
2007 MarVol. 12 Supplement 1
ANZSRS and TSANZ Abstracts
2007 MarVol. 12 Issue 2
2007 JanVol. 12 Issue 1
2006 NovVol. 11 Supplement 5
APSR Congress Abstracts
2006 NovVol. 11 Issue 6
2006 SepVol. 11 Supplement 4
Guidelines: Cough
2006 SepVol. 11 Supplement 3
Guidelines: Respiratory Infections
2006 SepVol. 11 Issue 5
2006 JulVol. 11 Issue 4
2006 MayVol. 11 Issue 3
2006 MarVol. 11 Supplement 2
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2006 MarVol. 11 Issue 2
2006 JanVol. 11 Supplement 1
Surfactant Molecular Pathophysiology
2006 JanVol. 11 Issue 1
2005 NovVol. 10 Supplement 3
APSR Congress Abstracts
2005 NovVol. 10 Supplement 2
Respiratory function tests
2005 NovVol. 10 Issue 5
2005 SepVol. 10 Issue 4
2005 JunVol. 10 Issue 3
2005 MarVol. 10 Supplement 1
ANZSRS and TSANZ abstracts
2005 MarVol. 10 Issue 2
2005 JanVol. 10 Issue 1
2004 DecVol. 9 Supplement 3
APSR Congress Abstracts
2004 NovVol. 9 Issue 4
2004 AugVol. 9 Issue 3
2004 JunVol. 9 Issue 2
2004 MarVol. 9 Supplement 2
APSR Congress Abstracts
2004 MarVol. 9 Supplement 1
Guidelines: Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
2004 MarVol. 9 Issue 1
2003 DecVol. 8 Issue 4
2003 NovVol. 8 Supplement 1
SARS
2003 SepVol. 8 Issue 3
2003 JunVol. 8 Issue 2
2003 AprVol. 8 Supplement 2
APSR Congress Abstracts
2003 MarVol. 8 Issue 1
2002 DecVol. 7 Issue 4
2002 SepVol. 7 Issue 3
2002 JunVol. 7 Issue 2
2002 MarVol. 7 Supplement 1
APSR Congress Abstracts
2002 MarVol. 7 Issue 1
2001 DecVol. 6 Issue 4
2001 SepVol. 6 Issue 3
2001 JunVol. 6 Supplement 2
Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases
2001 JunVol. 6 Issue 2
2001 MarVol. 6 Issue 1
2000 DecVol. 5 Issue 4
2000 SepVol. 5 Issue 3
2000 JunVol. 5 Issue 2
2000 JunVol. 05 Supplement 2
TSANZ abstracts
2000 AprVol. 05 Supplement 1
TSANZ abstracts
2000 MarVol. 5 Issue 1
1999 DecVol. 4 Issue 4
1999 SepVol. 4 Issue 3
1999 JunVol. 4 Issue 2
1999 AprVol. 04 Supplement 1
TSANZ abstracts
1999 JanVol. 4 Issue 1
1998 DecVol. 3 Issue 4
1998 SepVol. 3 Issue 3
1998 JunVol. 3 Issue 2
1998 MarVol. 3 Issue 1
1997 DecVol. 2 Issue 4
1997 SepVol. 2 Issue 3
1997 JunVol. 2 Issue 2
1997 MarVol. 2 Issue 1
1996 DecVol. 1 Issue 4
1996 SepVol. 1 Issue 3
1996 JunVol. 1 Issue 2
1996 MarVol. 1 Issue 1